关于一些川菜的翻译
最近以前的英文导游朋友问我关于一些四川菜的正确翻译，我其实也意识到在从事五年的英文导游职业里，没有很地道地为各国游客解答四川菜系，现在有时间，为也自己大概结合美国本地中餐的一些说法，大概翻译下，作为和大家一起探讨和学习！
基本的切菜技巧词汇
basic cutting 切
horizontal cutting 片
chopping 斩
pummeling 捶
切菜的形状
片 slices
丝 slivers
条 strips
块 chunks
丁 cubes
颗 tiny cubes
粒 grains
做菜术语
码味 Marinating
码芡粉 Coating in starch or batter
过油 passing through the oil
灸锅 seasoning the wok
炒香 frying fragrant
炒 stir-frying
勾芡thickening sause
四川菜经常用到的
小炒 （small-frying)
干煸（dry- frying )
干烧 dry-braising
家常烧 home style braising
厨房用具
菜刀 cleaver 国外用的厨房刀我们叫knife
菜墩 cutting board
炒锅 wok
竹刷 bamboo wok brush
锅铲 wok scoop/ ladle
漏瓢perforated ladle
筷子 chopsticks
蒸笼steamer
电饭锅 rice cooker
擀面杖 rolling pins
筲箕 bamboo basket
四川菜一些作料的术语
豆豉 fermented black beans
干海椒 dried chiles
海椒面 ground chiles
红油 chili oil
泡海椒 pickled chiles
豆瓣酱 chili bean paste
料酒 Chinese cooking wine
葱 scallions
菜油 rapeseeds oil/ cooking oil
香菜 coriander leaves
木耳 wood ear mushrooms
香菇 fragrant mushroom
竹笋bamboo pith fungus
银耳 silver ear mushroom
豆腐乳 fermented bean curds/ fermented tofu
醪糟 fermented glutinous wine
五香粉 five-spice powder
香料 fragrant things
桂皮cassia bark / cinnamon
花椒 sichuan peper corn
八角 star anise
草果 amomum tsao-kuo/ cardamom
山奈 sand ginger
小茴香 fennel seeds
大蒜 garlic
姜ginger
味精msg / monosodium glutamate
川味腊肉 homemade bacon with sichuan flavorings
酱肉 salt-cured pork with sweet fermented paste
皮蛋 salty duck eggs/ thousand eggs
榨菜 perserved mustard tuber
芽菜 yacai (pickle is made from mustard green )
酸菜 pickled mustard greens
四川泡菜 pickled vegetables
冰糖 rock sugar
香油 sesame oil
芝麻酱sesame paste
花椒面 grounded roasted sichuan peper corn
酱油soy sause
椒盐 salt-and- pepper dip
甜面酱sweet wheaten paste
陈皮 tangerine peel
醋vinegar
胡椒面white pepper
黄辣丁 yellow tiny catfish
四川菜味道
麻辣味hot and numbing flavor
红油味red oil flavor
蒜泥味garlic paste flavor
胡辣味scorched chili flavor
陈皮味 tangerine peel/ orange skin flavor
椒麻味sichuan pepper (corn)flavor
椒盐味sichuan pepper and salt flavor
酸辣味hot- sour flavor
酱香味 fragrant fermented sauce flavor
五香味five spice flavor
甜香型味 sweet fragrant flavor
香糟味 fragrant wine flavor
烟香味 smoked flavor
咸香味slat savory flavor
荔枝味lychee flavor
糖醋味sweet and sour flavor
姜汁味ginger juice flavor
麻酱味sesame paste flavor
芥末味mustard flavor
咸甜味 salt-sweet flavor
四川菜名 或者路边小吃street treats
注意，关于川菜名字，必须告诉这个名字的由来，本人只翻译名字而已
担担面 dan dan noodle
宜宾燃面 yi bing kindling noodles
豆花面 spicy noodles with soft bean curd
炒河粉 chow fun
炒米粉chow mei fun
鸡丝凉面 spicy cold noodles with chicken slivers
赖汤圆 Mr. lai’s glutinous rice balls with sesame stuffing / 也可以直接说lai tang yuan 并做解释
钟水饺 zhong crescent dumplings 做解释钟水饺来由
龙抄手 long wonton dumplings 要解释 、美国叫混沌 wonton
叶儿耙leaf- wrapped glutinous rice dumplings
南瓜蒸饺 steamed pork and pumpkin dumplings
小笼蒸饺 steamed pork and cabbage dumplings
鸡汁锅贴 pot-sticker dumplings with chicken stock /美国锅贴都叫fried dumplings
三大炮three cannon shots 解释
红薯饼 sweet potato cakes
珍珠圆子 pearly rice balls
花卷 steamed flower rolls
豆芽包子 steamed buns with spicy bean sprout stuffing
豆花 flower bean curd
八宝黑米粥eight - treasure black rice porridge
波丝油糕 rippled-silk fried dumplings
糖油果子caramelized glutinous rice balls
锅盔 sichuanese flat breads
椒盐粽子 glutinous rice cones wrapped in bamboo leaves
凉粉 starch jellies
金丝面golden-thread noodles 解释
红油鸡块 chicken chunks in red oil sauce
麻辣鸡片 hot and numbing chicken slices
鱼香鸡丝 fish- fragrant chicken slivers / chicken slivers in garlic sauce
椒麻鸡片 chicken slices in sichuan pepper and sesame oil sauce
怪味鸡丝 strange-flavor chicken 要解释
蒜泥白肉 cold pork in hot and garlicky sauce
花生米拌兔丁 rabbit with peanuts in hot bean sauce 当然基本没老外吃兔子
姜汁豇豆 haricots verts in ginger sauce
灯影苕片 lamp shadow sweet potato chips
灯影牛肉 lamp- shadow beef
青椒皮蛋 preserved eggs with green peppers
糖醋甜椒 sweet and sour red peppers
红油茄子 steamed eggplants with chile sauce
香油苦瓜bitter melon with sesame oil
凉拌萝卜丝 daikon slivers in a spicy dressing
麻酱鲜菜lettuce in sesame sauce
盐水胡豆fresh fava beans in simple stock sauce
麻辣牛肉干hot and numbing dried beef
陈皮牛肉 spicy beef slices with tangerine peel (skin)
芝麻牛肉丝 beef slivers with sesame seeds
五香熏鱼 five spiced smoked fish
糖醋排骨 sweet and sour spare ribs (注意 spare ribs 又可分为 on the bone/bbq spare ribs or off the bone / boneless spare ribs ,
卤肉 stewed aromatic meat
卤水aromatic broth
肉汤broth
夫妻肺片 字面上是man and wife meat slices, 我一般是直接翻译 fuqi feipian 然后解释为什么
樟茶鸭子 tea- smoked duck
炝黄瓜 spicy cucumber salad
毛豆，字面上这么翻译soybeans in their pods但是在美国都用edamame 日语的毛豆代替
珊瑚雪莲 coral-like snow lotus
卤花生 boiled aromatic peanuts
油酥花生 deep-fried crispy peanuts
回锅肉 twice - cooked /double cooked pork 解释下最好
鱼香肉丝 shredded pork (with shredded celery or carrot ）in garlic sauce
锅巴肉片 pork in lychee sauce with crispy rice/ pork wor bar 这个是美国流行的，但是需要解释
姜汁肘子 steamed pork knuckle in ginger sauce
咸烧白 bowl-steamed pork belly with pickled vegetables
红烧肉 red braised pork
糖醋里脊 sweet and sour pork
盐煎肉salt-fried pork
榨菜肉丝 pork slivers with preserved mustard tuber
京酱肉丝 stir-fried pork slivers with sweet fermented paste /shredded pork in peking sauce
木耳肉片pork slices with black cloud ear fungus / wood ear
蚂蚁上树ants climbing a tree( bean thread noodles with minced meat )
火爆腰花 fire exploded kidney flowers
白油肝片 stir fried pig’s liver
水煮牛肉 boiled beef slices in a fiery sauce
粉蒸牛肉 spicy steamed beef with rice meal
甜椒牛肉丝shredded beef with sweet peppers
宫保鸡丁gongbao(kungpao)chicken with peanuts 解释来由
辣子鸡chicken with chiles
醋溜鸡chicken with vinegar
板栗烧鸡 braised chicken with chestnuts
炒鸡杂 stir fried chicken hotchpotch
四川烧鸭sichuanese roast duck
香酥全鸭 fragrant and crispy duck(whole)
魔芋烧鸡wild duck braised with konnyaku bean curd
酸菜鱼 fish soup with pickled greens
糖醋脆皮鱼 sweet and sour crispy fish
干烧鲜鱼dry-braised fish with pork in spicy sauce
砂锅鱼 fish stew in an earthen pot
辣子鱼fish with chiles and sichuan pepper
麻辣子鱼 hot and numbing tiny fish
鱼香茄子 eggplant in garlic sauce
虎皮青椒tiger skin green peppers
干煸四季豆 dry fried string beans
腊肉韭菜花 flowering chives with smoky bacon
山珍会stir fried mixed mushrooms
炒空心菜 stir-fried water spinach with chile and sichuan pepper
青椒玉米 sweet corn kernels with green peppers
关于汤类
鲜汤 everyday stock
特制清汤fine banquet stock
清炖全鸡 simple chicken stew
连锅汤pork and white radish soup
酸菜鸡丝汤chicken soup with pickled mustard greens
清炖牛尾汤 plain stewed oxtail soup
酸辣汤 hot and sour soup
混沌汤 wonton soup
鸡蛋汤 egg drop soup
清汤clear soup
火锅 hotpot
其实还有很多的菜系大家都可以举一反三，用自己的语言描述，也可以直译菜名，然后补充解释也OK的。如果一个菜名直接翻译不出来，可以用此菜的做法，形状，味道等特征进行描述，只要能做到让对方理解就好！